Internal-combustion engine



June I8, 1929. L CRARY INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed May 2e, 192e 2 sheets-sheet 1` m lill/lill ,7 j 0 a T s M Y z: 9 7 v0 n a/ Z.. 9 am# I/..l| M M j .x \l/ 3 1 0| o y llJ f H 5 4 Z H 3 M 7 Wa 5 9 M 5 w L W m w M 4. 7. Z 5

June 18, 19,29. J, H CRARY 1,711.81'16 INTERNAL COMBUSTIN ENGINE Filed May 26, 1926 2f-rsnets'`sheet '2 INVENTOR WITNESSES I 1 vfammi?, frm' v v Z l BY M l MICRNEYS Patented June 18, 1929.

UNITED gs'rn'rns JAMES H. CRARY, OF FLUSHING, NEW YORK.

iNTERNAL-comnnsmion ENGINE.

Application led May 26,'

This invention relates to internal combustion engines and more particularly to twocycle engines, an object of the invention being to provide an improvedarrangement of telescoping pistons with means for compressing and firing an explosive mixture between them, wherebythe pistons are forced in opposite directions and are connected to the opposite crank arms on a crank shaft,so that at each explosion direct power is applied at opposite points onthe crank shaft.

A further object is to provide an engine of this character with an improved arrangepor control` pipes, which may be voperatively ment of inlet and exhaust ports.

A further Objectis to provide an engine of this character with improved means whereby a spark is made between the pistons.

A further object is to provide an engine of this character embodying various novel fea tures of construction and combinations and arrangements of parts, all of which will be more fully hereinafter described and out in the claims.

1n the accompanying drawings-y f Figure l1 is a view in transverse section of my improved engine, showing thepistons in position for the intake of fuel or gas, as it is commonly known.;

Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1, showing the position of the parts ready for explosion of the gas or fuel;

Figure3 is a view in longitudinal section, on the line 3-3 of Figure 1;`

Figure 4 is an enlarged fragmentary view in transverse section, on thefline4-4 of Figure 1.

1 represents thecylinder, `and 2 the crank caseof my improvedengine. 3 represents the ordinary crank shaft provided with at least three crank arms 4, 5 and 6, the crank arm 5 being at an angle of 180O relative to the crank arms 4 and 6 and disposed between them. Y Y

The cylinder 1 may of course be variously formed and is water-j acketed, as indicated at 7, and provided with a head 8 removably secured thereon, which is so shaped as to provide a chamber oncompartment 9 for a pur- 1 pose which will hereinafter appear.

In the cylinder 1 1 provide two pistons 10 and 11, the latter telescoping within the former, and the piston 10 fitting the cylinder. The piston 10 has a closed head 12 at its upper end, and the piston 11v has a head 13 intermediate its ends, the lower endfof piston 10 being open and guided in suitable pointed 192e. sei-m1 no; 111,843.

extensions 14 fixed to the cylinder and prothe description asv applied tothe drawing, but 1t 1s of course to be understood that the engine may be positioned at an angle or horizontal, and I do not limit myself by the use of these terms but merely employ them for convenience of description.k Y

15 represents the fuel or gas inletv pipes connected to any source .of supply and have I use the terms"upper7 and lower in any suitable means for controlling the flow `of' the gas or fuel to the crank oase 2.

A passage 16 connects thecrank case with the chamber 9 above referred to, and a Valve 17 is located in thisv passage :16, whichmay' berentirely closed or partially closed to control lthe admission of fuel from Vthe crank case into the chamber 7 yto suitjconditions. This valve 17, is illustrated in detail in Figure 4, from which it will be noted that .the

valve itself is in form of a cylindrical plug having a passage` 20 therethrough and constructed at one end toreceive dowel pins 21 on an` enlargement 22. v Y v This enlargement 22 is, fixed to a shaft 23 projecting through afsleeve 24, the latter i havingan enlarged end 26 removably fixed to the cylinder casing and against which the enlargement22 bears. Y

An operating 'arm 27 may be secured to the outer end of the-shaft 23, and a coil spring 28 is located around the sleeve 24 Vand exerts an outward pressure onthe` arm 27 and lshaft 23 Vtohold the enlargement 22 tightly against the enlargement 26 andprevent the escape -of gas without. exerting pressure on the valve itself.

The cylinder 1 is formed withan inlet port 18 and an outlet port lil-,preferably although not essentially, in opposite sides'of the cylinder, andthe exhaust port being preferably slightly above they horizontal plane of the inlet port,

The piston 10 is Inovidedjinopposite sides with an inlet port 29 and an outlet port 30, andthe upwardly extending f apron portion 31 of piston 11 is providedy with an inlet port 32 and an outlet port 33, both of said portsbeing above the head 13 of piston 11, and between said, ports the head 13 is formed with an upward extension or d eiiector 34.

35 represents a spark plug which is cai'- ried by the head l2 of piston l0 and is connected by a pair of pivoted links 36, 3T with .a binding post 38 in the wall of the cylinder.

' pistons with the ports 32, 29 and 18 in full communication for the inlet of fuel or gas, it being understood that the gas or fuel is under compression withinthe crank case due to the movement of the pistons in opposite directions on the firing stroke. As the pistons move toward each other they will cut off both the inlet and exhaust ports and compress the charge, when the said pistons will be in the position indicated in Figure 2. The spark fires lthe charge and the pistons move in opposite directions. As they near the extreme of their tiring strokes, the ports 30,33 and 19 will come into register to allow the exploded gases to escape, but these ports will move out of register before the inlet ports are moved into register, as will be clearly understood.

By providing an engine of this type,'the pistons, telescoping` one within the otherI and moving in opposite directions through the medium of'a single explosion, will impart direct force to opposite craiikson the drive shaft 3, and there will be a maximum etliciency in the utilization of the units of power employed and an increase of eiliciency due to the fact that the power is multiplied and greater' e'ficiency thereof had. .y

Various slight changes and alterations might be made in the general form of the parts described without departing from my invention and hence l do not limit myself te the precise details set forth but consider my self at liberty to make such slight changes and alterations as fairly fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

I claim: l. The combination with a cylinder, of pair of telescoping pistons in the cylinder, a crank case onythe cylinder, a passage connecting the crank case with the head of the cylinder whereby movement of the pistons away from eac other functions to compress a charge, said cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports therein, and said pistons having inlet and exhaust ports, said ports registering during the movement of the pistons.

2. The combination with a cylinder, of a pair of telescoping pistons in the cylinder, the outer piston being provided at its lower end with enlargements, a crank case on the cylinder, a passage connecting the crank case with the head of t-he cylinder whereby movement of the pistons away from each other functions to compress a chaige, said cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports therein, and said pistons having inlet and exhaust ports, said ports registering during the movement of the pistons, and grooved guides extending' into the crank case and receiving the enlargements of theouter piston.

8. The combination with a cylinder, of a pair of telescoping pistons in the cylinder, aV

crank case on the cylinder, a passage connecting the crank case with the head of the cylinder whereby movement of the pistons away from each other functions to compress a charge, said cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports therein, and said pistons having inlet and exhaust ports, said ports registering the movement of the pistons, and a manually operated valve controlling communication between the crank case-and the head of the cylinder. Y

4. The combination with a cylinder, of a pair of telescoping pistons in the cylinder, a crank case on the cylinder, a passage connecting the crank case with the head of the cylinder whereby movement of the' pistons away from each other functions to compress a charge, said cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports therein, and said pistons having inlet and exhaust ports, said ports register-I ing during the movement-of the pistons, a spark plug carried by the inner piston, and a flexible link connecting the saine withja source of electricity supply.

, 5. The combination with a cylinder provided with a head having a chamber, of a pair of telescoping pistons Vin the cylinder, a crank case on the cylinder, a valved controlled passage connecting the crank case with the head of the cylinder, said cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports and said pis-` tons having inlet and exhaust ports, said ports registering during the movement ofthe pistons, a spark plug carried by the inner piston, a binding post in the head of the cylinder, and jointed links, one pivoted to the spark plug and the other to the binding post. 4 l

JAMES H. CBABY. 

